An adaptable shrub with a wide tolerance for soil types and moisture levels. Usually found naturally growing in wet areas along streams but can tolerate sandy or rocky areas. Excellent for wetland reclamation purposes. Has bank stabilization and erosion control abilities. Attracts pollinators with white spring blooms and birds enjoy foraging on berries. Salt tolerant and can handle moderate urban conditions. Edible black berries can be used for jams, jellies, baking and just plain enjoying!

Height : 3-6 feet Spread : 3-6 feet

Light : Full sun to part shade Water : Medium to moist

Soil : Sand, loam, clay Zone : 3-8

Leaves : Newly emerging leaves in spring have a reddish tinge turning glossy green throughout the summer

Stem : Slender brown stems

Flower : Clusters of small showy flowers in May

Fruit : Clusters of blackish-purple fruit from September-December. Edible and full of anti-oxidants and other beneficial nutrients

Habit : Deciduous multi-stemmed upright spreading shrub. Suckers will form thickets